The Art Of Chinese Wood Carving And Furniture.

 Wood Carving is a sculpture in Chinese culture often knows referred to as "FOLK ART". Wood carving is a separate type of work out of the woodwork. It is divided into three categories: "Three-dimensional carvings", "Root carving", "Relief sculpture". Wood carving uses several techniques including circular engraving, basso-relievo, and hollow engraving. Most wood carving applies color to protect the wood. The form of Chinese furniture evolved along three distinct lineages which date back to 1000 BC, based on frame and panel, yoke and rack and bamboo construction techniques. Chinese home furniture evolved independently of Western furniture into similar forms including chairs, tables, stools, cupboard, cabinets, beds, and sofas. Until the 10^th century CE the Chinese sat on mats or low platforms using low tables, in typical Asian style, but then gradually moved to use high tables with chairs. 

       Chinese furniture is mostly in plain polished wood, but from at least the Song Dynasty, the most luxurious pieces often used LACQUER to cover the whole or parts of the visible area. Carved lacquer furniture was at first only affordable by the Imperial family or the extremely rich, but by the 19th century was merely very expensive, and mostly found in smaller pieces or as a decorated area on larger ones.

     

      

     Chinese Furniture is usually light where possible, from the Qing Dynasty furniture made for export, mostly to Europe, became a distinct style, generally made in rather different shapes to suit the destination markets and highly decorated in lacquer and other techniques.

     

     

  Classic furniture is typically made of a class of hardwood, known collectively as ROSEWOOD. These woods are denser than water, fine-grained and high in oils and resins. These properties make dimensionally stable, hardwearing, hot and insect resistant.

   

    

  Many basic patterns established during the song dynasties continued to mature throughout the Yuan and Ming periods into beautiful well-rounded and robust forms that were smoothly finished with thick lacquer coating and finely detailed with painted decoration.

Chinese furniture began to develop some of its distinguishing characteristics:

• The use of meditation Chairs, large enough to sit cross-legged in.
• Tall yoke chairs where the feet are to rest on a bottom stretcher day beds.
• Opium beds where one can sit cross-legged and use small tables to eat from or write on while sitting on a mat or platform.
• Use of thick lacquer finish 
• Exotic hardwoods
• Detailed engraving and paintings for ceremonial purposes and artistic expression sacred mountain images, Dragon and Clouds, birds and flower all had specific Taoist connotation. 

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